A spacecraft launch site is a specific area for launching spacecraft,usually consisting of a test area,a launch area,a launch command and control center,comprehensive measurement facilities,various service support facilities and some management and service departments.Most space launch sites are rebuilt or expanded from rocket(missile)test sites. China has four satellite launch bases,among which,Jiuquan Satellite Launch Site was founded in 1958,is the earliest and largest comprehensive missile and satellite launch site in China,and is also the only manned space launch site in China.
The selection of a launch site has very complex and comprehensive requirements:
1)It should be in a place with few thunderstorms, low humidity, low wind speed, and little change in temperature difference, and it should be rich in water sources, and it should be in a low latitude area as close as possible to the equator.
2)It should have convenient transportation conditions, but it should be far away from densely populated areas.
3)Most launch sites are oriented towards the east in order to leverage the Earth’s rotational speed and conserve rocket energy during liftoff.
There are four satellite launch sites:
1)Jiuquan ,located in the northeast of Jiuquan City,Gansu Province
2)Taiyuan ,located in Xinzhou City,Shanxi Province
3)Xichang ,located in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province
4)Hainan Wenchang Cosmodrome,located in Wenchang City,Hainan Province
China’s vast territory also provides innate geographical advantages for selecting suitable launch bases
On May 21,China launched the Wuhan-1 satellite and the Ultra-low orbit Technology test satellite into space using the Kuaizhou-11 carrier rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Site .The satellites successfully entered the scheduled orbit and the launch mission was a complete success.The mission was also the 32nd flight of the Kuaizhou series of launch rocket.
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